Minnesota

169.14 SPEED LIMITS, ZONES; RADAR.
    Subdivision 1. Duty to drive with due care. No person shall drive a vehicle on a highway at 
a speed greater than is reasonable and prudent under the conditions. Every driver is responsible for 
becoming and remaining aware of the actual and potential hazards then existing on the highway 
and must use due care in operating a vehicle. In every event speed shall be so restricted as may 
be necessary to avoid colliding with any person, vehicle or other conveyance on or entering the 
highway in compliance with legal requirements and the duty of all persons to use due care.
    Subd. 1a. License revocation for extreme speed. The driver’s license of a person who 
violates any speed limit established in this section, by driving in excess of 100 miles per hour, is 
revoked for six months under section 171.17, or for a longer minimum period of time applicable 
under section 169A.53, 169A.54, or 171.174.
Subd. 2. Speed limits. (a) Where no special hazard exists the following speeds shall be 
lawful, but any speeds in excess of such limits shall be prima facie evidence that the speed is not 
reasonable or prudent and that it is unlawful; except that the speed limit within any municipality 
shall be a maximum limit and any speed in excess thereof shall be unlawful:
(1) 30 miles per hour in an urban district or on a town road in a rural residential district;
(2) 65 miles per hour on noninterstate freeways and expressways, as defined in section 
160.02, subdivision 19;
(3) 55 miles per hour in locations other than those specified in this section;
(4) 70 miles per hour on interstate highways outside the limits of any urbanized area with a 
population of greater than 50,000 as defined by order of the commissioner of transportation;
(5) 65 miles per hour on interstate highways inside the limits of any urbanized area with a 
population of greater than 50,000 as defined by order of the commissioner of transportation;
(6) ten miles per hour in alleys; and
(7) 25 miles per hour in residential roadways if adopted by the road authority having 
jurisdiction over the residential roadway.
(b) A speed limit adopted under paragraph (a), clause (7), is not effective unless the road 
authority has erected signs designating the speed limit and indicating the beginning and end of the 
residential roadway on which the speed limit applies.
(c) For purposes of this subdivision, “rural residential district” means the territory contiguous 
to and including any town road within a subdivision or plat of land that is built up with dwelling 
houses at intervals of less than 300 feet for a distance of one-quarter mile or more.
(d) Notwithstanding section 609.0331 or 609.101 or other law to the contrary, a person who 
violates a speed limit established in this subdivision, or a speed limit designated on an appropriate 
sign under subdivision 4, 5, 5b, 5c, or 5e, by driving 20 miles per hour or more in excess of the 
applicable speed limit, is assessed an additional surcharge equal to the amount of the fine imposed 
for the speed violation, but not less than $25.
    Subd. 3. Reduced speed required. (a) The driver of any vehicle shall, consistent with the 
requirements, drive at an appropriate reduced speed when approaching or passing an authorized 
emergency vehicle stopped with emergency lights flashing on any street or highway, when 
approaching and crossing an intersection or railway grade crossing, when approaching and going 
around a curve, when approaching a hill crest, when traveling upon any narrow or winding 
roadway, and when special hazards exist with respect to pedestrians or other traffic or by reason 
of weather or highway conditions.
(b) A person who fails to reduce speed appropriately when approaching or passing an 
authorized emergency vehicle stopped with emergency lights flashing on a street or highway 
shall be assessed an additional surcharge equal to the amount of the fine imposed for the speed 
violation, but not less than $25.
nbsp;   Subd. 4. Establishment of zones by commissioner. On determining upon the basis of an 
engineering and traffic investigation that any speed set forth in this section is greater or less than 
is reasonable or safe under the conditions found to exist on any trunk highway or upon any part 
thereof, the commissioner may erect appropriate signs designating a reasonable and safe speed 
limit thereat, which speed limit shall be effective when such signs are erected. Any speeds in 
excess of such limits shall be prima facie evidence that the speed is not reasonable or prudent 
and that it is unlawful; except that any speed limit within any municipality shall be a maximum 
limit and any speed in excess thereof shall be unlawful. On determining upon that basis that a part 
of the trunk highway system outside a municipality should be a zone of maximum speed limit, 
the commissioner may establish that part as such a zone by erecting appropriate signs showing 
the beginning and end of the zone, designating a reasonable and safe speed therefor, which 
may be different than the speed set forth in this section, and that it is a zone of maximum speed 
limit. The speed so designated by the commissioner within any such zone shall be a maximum 
speed limit, and speed in excess of such limit shall be unlawful. The commissioner may in the 
same manner from time to time alter the boundary of such a zone and the speed limit therein or 
eliminate such zone.
    Subd. 4a.[Repealed, 1997 c 143 s 20]    Subd. 5. Zoning within local area. When local authorities believe that the existing speed 
limit upon any street or highway, or part thereof, within their respective jurisdictions and not a 
part of the trunk highway system is greater or less than is reasonable or safe under existing 
conditions, they may request the commissioner to authorize, upon the basis of an engineering 
and traffic investigation, the erection of appropriate signs designating what speed is reasonable 
and safe, and the commissioner may authorize the erection of appropriate signs designating a 
reasonable and safe speed limit thereat, which speed limit shall be effective when such signs 
are erected. Any speeds in excess of these speed limits shall be prima facie evidence that the 
speed is not reasonable or prudent and that it is unlawful; except that any speed limit within 
any municipality shall be a maximum limit and any speed in excess thereof shall be unlawful. 
Alteration of speed limits on streets and highways shall be made only upon authority of the 
commissioner except as provided in subdivision 5a.
    Subd. 5a. Speed zoning in school zone; surcharge. (a) Local authorities may establish a 
school speed limit within a school zone of a public or nonpublic school upon the basis of an 
engineering and traffic investigation as prescribed by the commissioner of transportation. The 
establishment of a school speed limit on any trunk highway shall be with the consent of the 
commissioner of transportation. Such school speed limits shall be in effect when children are 
present, going to or leaving school during opening or closing hours or during school recess 
periods. The school speed limit shall not be lower than 15 miles per hour and shall not be more 
than 30 miles per hour below the established speed limit on an affected street or highway.
(b) The school speed limit shall be effective upon the erection of appropriate signs 
designating the speed and indicating the beginning and end of the reduced speed zone. Any speed 
in excess of such posted school speed limit is unlawful. All such signs shall be erected by the 
local authorities on those streets and highways under their respective jurisdictions and by the 
commissioner of transportation on trunk highways.
(c) For the purpose of this subdivision, “school zone” means that section of a street or 
highway which abuts the grounds of a school where children have access to the street or 
highway from the school property or where an established school crossing is located provided 
the school advance sign prescribed by the manual on uniform traffic control devices adopted 
by the commissioner of transportation pursuant to section 169.06 is in place. All signs erected 
by local authorities to designate speed limits in school zones shall conform to the Manual on 
Uniform Control Devices. 
(d) Notwithstanding section 609.0331 or 609.101 or other law to the contrary, a person who 
violates a speed limit established under this subdivision is assessed an additional surcharge equal 
to the amount of the fine imposed for the violation, but not less than $25. 
    Subd. 5b. Segment in urban district. When any segment of at least a quarter-mile in 
distance of any city street, municipal state-aid street, or town road on which a speed limit 
in excess of 30 miles per hour has been established pursuant to an engineering and traffic 
investigation by the commissioner meets the definition of “urban district” as defined in section 
169.01, subdivision 59, the governing body of the city or town may by resolution declare the 
segment to be an urban district and may establish on the segment the speed limit for urban 
districts prescribed in subdivision 2. The speed limit so established shall be effective upon the 
erection of appropriate signs designating the speed and indicating the beginning and end of the 
segment on which the speed limit is established, and any speed in excess of such posted limits 
shall be unlawful. A copy of the resolution shall be transmitted to the commissioner at least ten 
days prior to the erection of the signs. 
    Subd. 5c. Speed zoning in alleyway. Local authorities may regulate speed limits for 
alleyways as defined in section 169.01 based on their own engineering and traffic investigations. 
Alleyway speed limits established at other than ten miles per hour shall be effective when proper 
signs are posted. 
    Subd. 5d. Speed zoning in work zone; surcharge. (a) The commissioner, on trunk 
highways and temporary trunk highways, and local authorities, on streets and highways under 
their jurisdiction, may authorize the use of reduced maximum speed limits in highway work 
zones. The commissioner or local authority is not required to conduct an engineering and traffic 
investigation before authorizing a reduced speed limit in a highway work zone.
(b) The minimum highway work zone speed limit is 20 miles per hour. The work zone speed 
limit must not reduce the established speed limit on the affected street or highway by more than 
15 miles per hour, except that the highway work zone speed limit must not exceed 40 miles 
per hour. The commissioner or local authority shall post the limits of the work zone. Highway 
work zone speed limits are effective on erection of appropriate regulatory speed limit signs. The 
signs must be removed or covered when they are not required. A speed greater than the posted 
highway work zone speed limit is unlawful.
(c) Notwithstanding paragraph (b), on divided highways the commissioner or local authority 
may establish a highway work zone speed limit that does not exceed 55 miles per hour.
(d) For purposes of this subdivision, “highway work zone” means a segment of highway 
or street where a road authority or its agent is constructing, reconstructing, or maintaining the 
physical structure of the roadway, its shoulders, or features adjacent to the roadway, including 
underground and overhead utilities and highway appurtenances, when workers are present.
(e) Notwithstanding section 609.0331 or 609.101 or other law to the contrary, a person who 
violates a speed limit established under paragraph (b) or (c), or who violates any other provision 
of this section while in a highway work zone, is assessed an additional surcharge equal to the 
amount of the fine imposed for the speed violation, but not less than $25. 
    Subd. 5e. Speed limit on park road. The political subdivision with authority over a park 
may establish a speed limit on a road located within the park. A speed limit established under 
this subdivision on a trunk highway is effective only with the commissioner’s approval. A speed 
limit established under this subdivision must be based on an engineering and traffic investigation 
prescribed by the commissioner of transportation and must not be lower than 20 miles per hour, 
and no speed limit established under this subdivision may reduce existing speed limits by more 
than 15 miles per hour. A speed limit established under this subdivision is effective on the erection 
of appropriate signs designating the speed limit and indicating the beginning and end of the 
reduced speed zone. Any speed in excess of the posted speed is unlawful.
    Subd. 6.[Repealed, Ex1971 c 27 s 49]    Subd. 7. Burden of proof. The provisions of this chapter declaring speed limitation shall not 
be construed to relieve the plaintiff in any civil action from the burden of proving negligence on 
the part of the defendant as the proximate cause of an accident.
    Subd. 8. Minimum speeds. On determining upon the basis of an engineering and traffic 
investigation that a speed at least as great as, or in excess of, a specified and determined 
minimum is necessary to the reasonable and safe use of any trunk highway or portion thereof, 
the commissioner may erect appropriate signs specifying the minimum speed on such highway 
or portion thereof. The minimum speed shall be effective when such signs are erected. Any 
speeds less than the posted minimum speeds shall be prima facie evidence that the speed is not 
reasonable or prudent and that it is unlawful.
    Subd. 9. Standards of evidence. In any prosecution in which the rate of speed of a motor 
vehicle is relevant, evidence of the speed of a motor vehicle as indicated on the speedometer 
thereof shall be admissible on a showing that a vehicle is regularly used in traffic law enforcement 
and that the speedometer thereon is regularly and routinely tested for accuracy and a record of 
the results of said tests kept on file by the agency having control of said vehicle. Evidence as to 
the speed indicated on said speedometer shall be prima facie evidence that the said vehicle was, 
at the time said reading was observed, traveling at the rate of speed so indicated; subject to 
correction by the amount of error, if any, shown to exist by the test made closest in time to the 
time of said reading.
Records of speedometer tests kept in the regular course of operations of any law enforcement 
agency shall be admissible without further foundation, as to the results of said tests. Such records 
shall be available to the defendant upon demand. Nothing herein shall be construed to preclude or 
interfere with the cross examination or impeachment of evidence of rate of speed as indicated 
by speedometer readings, pursuant to the Rules of Evidence.
    Subd. 10. Radar; speed-measuring device; standards of evidence.(a) In any prosecution in 
which the rate of speed of a motor vehicle is relevant, evidence of the speed as indicated on radar 
or other speed-measuring device is admissible in evidence, subject to the following conditions:
(1) the officer operating the device has sufficient training to properly operate the equipment;
(2) the officer testifies as to the manner in which the device was set up and operated;
(3) the device was operated with minimal distortion or interference from outside sources; and
(4) the device was tested by an accurate and reliable external mechanism, method, or system 
at the time it was set up.
(b) Records of tests made of such devices and kept in the regular course of operations of any 
law enforcement agency are admissible in evidence without further foundation as to the results of 
the tests. The records shall be available to a defendant upon demand. Nothing in this subdivision 
shall be construed to preclude or interfere with cross examination or impeachment of evidence of 
the rate of speed as indicated on the radar or speed-measuring device.
    Subd. 11. Hand-held police traffic radar. (a) Law enforcement agencies that use hand-held 
radar units shall establish operating procedures to reduce the operator’s exposure to microwave 
radiation.
(b) The procedures, at a minimum, must require:
(1) that the operator turn the unit off when it is not in use;
(2) if the unit has a stand-by mode, that the operator use this mode except when measuring a 
vehicle’s speed;
(3) that the operator not allow the antenna to rest against the operator’s body while it is in 
operation; and
(4) that the operator always point the antenna unit away from the operator and any other 
person in very close proximity to the unit.
    Subd. 12. Radar jammer. For purposes of this section, “radar jammer” means any 
instrument, device, or equipment designed or intended for use with a vehicle or otherwise to jam 
or interfere in any manner with a speed-measuring device operated by a peace officer.
No person shall sell, offer for sale, use, or possess any radar jammer in this state.
History: (2720-178) 1937 c 464 s 28; 1939 c 430 s 6; 1947 c 428 s 12,13; 1955 c 802 s 1,2; 
1957 c 580 s 1; 1963 c 843 s 1-4; 1969 c 623 s 1; 1975 c 53 s 1; 1975 c 363 s 1,2; 1976 c 166 s 7; 
1979 c 60 s 1; 1980 c 498 s 4; 1984 c 417 s 24,25; 1986 c 444; 1987 c 319 s 1; 1991 c 298 art 4 s 
9; 1993 c 26 s 1; 1993 c 61 s 1; 1994 c 635 art 1 s 12; 1994 c 640 s 1; 1994 c 645 s 1; 1995 c 118 
s 1; 1995 c 265 art 2 s 18; 1996 c 455 art 1 s 5,6; 1997 c 143 s 9-11; 1997 c 159 art 2 s 20,21; 
1999 c 44 s 1; 2001 c 213 s 9; 1Sp2003 c 19 art 2 s 27; 1Sp2005 c 6 art 3 s 41,42

169.13 RECKLESS OR CARELESS DRIVING.
    Subdivision 1. Reckless driving. (a) Any person who drives any vehicle in such a manner as 
to indicate either a willful or a wanton disregard for the safety of persons or property is guilty of 
reckless driving and such reckless driving is a misdemeanor.
(b) A person shall not race any vehicle upon any street or highway of this state. Any person 
who willfully compares or contests relative speeds by operating one or more vehicles is guilty of 
racing, which constitutes reckless driving, whether or not the speed contested or compared is in 
excess of the maximum speed prescribed by law.
    Subd. 2. Careless driving. Any person who operates or halts any vehicle upon any street or 
highway carelessly or heedlessly in disregard of the rights of others, or in a manner that endangers 
or is likely to endanger any property or any person, including the driver or passengers of the 
vehicle, is guilty of a misdemeanor.
    Subd. 3. Application. (a) The provisions of this section apply, but are not limited in 
application, to any person who drives any vehicle in the manner prohibited by this section:
(1) upon the ice of any lake, stream, or river, including but not limited to the ice of any 
boundary water; or
(2) in a parking lot ordinarily used by or available to the public though not as a matter of 
right, and a driveway connecting the parking lot with a street or highway.
(b) This section does not apply to:
(1) an authorized emergency vehicle, when responding to an emergency call or when in 
pursuit of an actual or suspected violator; 
(2) the emergency operation of any vehicle when avoiding imminent danger; or
(3) any raceway, racing facility, or other public event sanctioned by the appropriate 
governmental authority.
History: (2720-177) 1937 c 464 s 27; 1939 c 430 s 5; 1947 c 428 s 11; 1967 c 569 s 2; 
Ex1971 c 27 s 7; 1983 c 236 s 1; 1984 c 622 s 15; 2006 c 260 art 2 s 1

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